Poi, those captivating weights swung on tethers, have a rich history and a diverse range of construction styles. From traditional Māori flax poi to modern LED creations, the materials used in poi significantly impact their performance, aesthetics, and overall feel. Understanding what poi are made of is key to choosing the right set for your skill level and performance goals. This article will explore the common materials used in poi construction, delving into the properties, benefits, and drawbacks of each.
The Core of the Matter: Poi Head Materials
The head, or weight, of the poi is the most critical component, determining the poi’s weight, momentum, and visual impact. The material used for the head influences the type of moves that can be executed comfortably and effectively.
Traditional Poi Heads: Natural and Time-Tested
Traditionally, poi were crafted from natural materials readily available in the performer’s environment. In Māori culture, poi were, and still are, often made from raupō (bulrush) or harakeke (flax) leaves. These materials provide a soft, lightweight feel, ideal for developing rhythm and coordination.
The process involves weaving or plaiting the leaves into a ball shape, then stuffing the core with other plant fibers or seeds to add weight and texture. These traditional poi are often decorated with intricate patterns and vibrant dyes, reflecting the cultural significance of the art form.
Other natural materials used historically include:
* Stones: Providing a heavier weight for a different spinning experience.
* Seeds and grains: Filling woven pouches to create a rhythmic sound and a pleasing weight.
* Dried gourds: Offering a unique shape and a lightweight option.
Modern Poi Heads: Embracing Innovation
Contemporary poi makers have embraced a wider range of materials, driven by the desire for durability, visual effects, and customized weight options. Some popular modern materials include:
- Fabric: Often filled with beans, rice, or plastic pellets. Fabric poi are soft, forgiving, and ideal for beginners. They come in a variety of colors and patterns, making them visually appealing.
- Plastic: Durable and weather-resistant, plastic poi are a popular choice for outdoor use. They can be molded into various shapes and sizes and often filled with sand or water for added weight.
- Silicone: Soft, durable, and easy to clean, silicone poi are becoming increasingly popular. They offer a good balance between weight and impact, making them suitable for intermediate and advanced spinners.
- LEDs and Electronics: These are embedded in the head to create stunning light trails and programmable patterns. LED poi have revolutionized the art form, adding a new dimension of visual expression.
Weight and Feel: How Head Material Impacts Performance
The weight of the poi head is a crucial factor in determining the overall feel and performance. Lighter poi are easier to control and allow for faster movements, while heavier poi provide more momentum and stability. Beginners often start with lighter poi and gradually increase the weight as their skills improve.
The texture of the head material also plays a role. Smooth surfaces allow for easier contact juggling and throws, while textured surfaces provide a better grip. The filling material also affects the feel of the poi; beanbag poi have a softer, more forgiving feel than hard plastic poi.
The Tether: Connecting You to the Spin
The tether, or rope, connects the poi head to the handle, allowing the spinner to control the poi’s movement. The length, material, and construction of the tether significantly impact the poi’s responsiveness and feel.
Types of Tether Materials
- Rope: A classic choice, rope comes in a variety of materials, including cotton, nylon, and polyester. Nylon and polyester ropes are more durable and weather-resistant than cotton. The diameter of the rope affects its strength and flexibility.
- Chain: Offers a different feel and aesthetic. Chain poi are often used for fire spinning, as the metal is resistant to heat. However, chain can be heavier and less forgiving than rope.
- Cord: Braided cord, such as paracord or climbing cord, is a popular choice for modern poi. It is strong, durable, and comes in a wide range of colors and patterns.
- Silicone tubing: Clear or colored tubing can house LED lights, creating visually stunning effects. It is also durable and easy to clean.
- Leather: Used in some traditional and performance poi for its aesthetic appeal and durability.
Tether Length and Adjustability
The ideal tether length depends on the spinner’s height and arm length. A general rule of thumb is that the tether should be about the length of your arm from your shoulder to your fingertips. Adjustable tethers allow spinners to customize the length to suit their preferences and the type of moves they are performing.
Tether Construction and Strength
The construction of the tether is crucial for its strength and durability. Braided tethers are generally stronger than twisted tethers. Reinforced stitching or knots at the attachment points prevent the tether from breaking or fraying.
Handles: Maintaining Control and Comfort
The handles are the points of contact between the spinner and the poi, providing control and allowing for intricate maneuvers. Comfortable and well-designed handles are essential for a positive spinning experience.
Types of Handle Materials
- Knobs: Simple and lightweight, knobs are often made of plastic, wood, or metal. They provide a secure grip and allow for a wide range of movements.
- Loops: Made of fabric, rope, or webbing, loops offer a comfortable and secure grip. They are often adjustable to fit different hand sizes.
- Swivels: Allow the poi to rotate freely without twisting the tether. Swivels are particularly useful for moves that involve multiple rotations.
- Silicone: Comfortable and grippy, silicone handles are a popular choice for modern poi. They are easy to clean and come in a variety of colors.
Handle Design and Ergonomics
The design of the handle should prioritize comfort and control. Ergonomic handles that fit the natural curvature of the hand can reduce fatigue and improve performance. The size and shape of the handle should also be appropriate for the spinner’s hand size.
Handle Attachment Methods
The way the handle is attached to the tether is crucial for its security and durability. Common attachment methods include:
- Knots: Simple and reliable, knots can be used to securely attach the handle to the tether.
- Sewing: Fabric or webbing loops can be sewn onto the tether for a secure and comfortable grip.
- Metal hardware: Swivels, rings, and clips can be used to create a secure and durable connection.
- Glues and adhesives: Used to reinforce knots and connections, ensuring they remain secure.
Exploring Specific Poi Types and Their Materials
The materials used in poi construction vary depending on the specific type of poi and its intended use. Here’s a closer look at some popular poi types and their common materials:
Sock Poi: The Beginner’s Friend
Sock poi are typically made with a soft fabric sock filled with beans, rice, or plastic pellets. The tether is usually made of rope or cord, and the handles are often loops of fabric or cord. Sock poi are ideal for beginners because they are soft, forgiving, and easy to learn with.
LED Poi: Illuminating the Night
LED poi incorporate light-emitting diodes (LEDs) into the head, creating stunning light trails and patterns. The heads are often made of plastic or silicone, and the electronics are powered by batteries. The tethers can be made of rope, cord, or silicone tubing, and the handles often include swivels to allow for smooth rotations.
Fire Poi: Playing with Flames
Fire poi are designed for spinning with flames, requiring heat-resistant materials. The heads are typically made of Kevlar wicks wrapped around a metal core. The tethers are usually made of chain or wire rope, and the handles are often insulated to protect the spinner’s hands from the heat. Caution is paramount when using fire poi.
Contact Poi: Mastering Body Rolls
Contact poi are designed for body rolling and other contact tricks. The heads are often made of silicone or smooth plastic, and they are typically heavier than other types of poi. The tethers are usually shorter, allowing for greater control and precision.
Practice Poi: Honing Your Skills
Practice poi are designed for training and developing new skills. They are often made of durable materials that can withstand repeated drops and impacts. The heads can be made of plastic, fabric, or silicone, and the tethers are usually made of rope or cord.
The Future of Poi Materials
The world of poi is constantly evolving, and new materials and technologies are continually being developed. 3D printing is allowing for the creation of custom poi heads with complex designs and unique properties. Bioplastics and other sustainable materials are being explored as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. As technology advances, we can expect to see even more innovative and exciting developments in poi materials and construction. The possibilities are endless, and the future of poi is bright.
What is the primary material used for the head of a practice poi?
The heads of practice poi are most commonly made from soft, durable materials like socks filled with birdseed or plastic pellets. The goal is to create a weight that simulates the feel of more advanced poi without causing significant injury if accidentally hit. These materials are inexpensive and readily available, making them ideal for beginners learning basic moves and patterns.
Furthermore, some practice poi utilize repurposed materials like tennis balls, fabric scraps, or even partially inflated balloons filled with water. These options provide a similar level of safety and are often chosen for their affordability and environmentally friendly nature. The key is to ensure the chosen material is relatively soft and can withstand repeated impact without easily breaking or falling apart.
What types of fabric are suitable for making fabric poi?
For crafting fabric poi, lightweight and flowy fabrics are generally preferred, as they create visually appealing trails and are easier to manipulate. Common choices include silk, chiffon, and lycra. These materials offer excellent drape and movement, enhancing the aesthetic appeal of poi spinning. They also tend to be relatively durable, though silk might require more careful handling.
Additionally, fabrics like satin, rayon, and even lightweight cotton can be used, depending on the desired look and feel. Satin provides a luxurious sheen, while rayon offers a good balance of drape and durability. Lightweight cotton is a more affordable option, but it may not flow as gracefully as other fabrics. Consider the intended use and desired visual effect when selecting your fabric.
What materials are typically used for the tethers or handles of poi?
The tethers or handles of poi are often constructed from rope, chain, or webbing. Rope, particularly braided nylon or polyester rope, is a popular choice for its durability, flexibility, and comfortable grip. Chain provides a distinct weight and feel, allowing for more precise control and complex maneuvers, especially in performance poi. Webbing offers a strong and adjustable option, often used in fire poi for added safety.
Beyond these common choices, materials like paracord and even repurposed bicycle inner tubes can be used. Paracord is known for its strength and versatility, while inner tubes offer a unique, recycled alternative with a comfortable grip. The selection of tether material largely depends on the spinner’s preference, the type of poi being used (practice, performance, or fire), and the desired level of control and weight distribution.
Are LED poi constructed differently than traditional poi?
Yes, LED poi have significant construction differences compared to traditional poi to accommodate the electronic components. The poi heads often consist of a durable plastic or rubber casing designed to house the LED lights, batteries, and sometimes a small circuit board. This casing must be impact-resistant to protect the electronics from damage during spinning.
Furthermore, the tether attachment point needs to be carefully engineered to allow for smooth rotation while also preventing the wires connecting the LEDs from tangling or breaking. Some LED poi even incorporate swivel mechanisms to further reduce the risk of wire damage. The handles may also feature buttons or switches to control the LED display patterns, adding another layer of complexity to the construction.
What safety considerations are important when selecting materials for fire poi?
When choosing materials for fire poi, safety is paramount. The heads must be constructed from absorbent, heat-resistant materials like Kevlar wick, which is designed to soak up fuel and withstand high temperatures without degrading quickly. It’s also crucial to avoid any synthetic materials that could melt or release harmful fumes when exposed to flame.
The tether material for fire poi should be heat-resistant and strong, such as chain or Kevlar rope. Chain is a common choice due to its durability and resistance to burning, but Kevlar rope offers a lighter-weight alternative. Ensure all connections are secure and reinforced to prevent the poi head from detaching during spinning, which could lead to serious burns or injuries.
What are some alternative or unconventional materials used in poi making?
Poi makers often explore alternative and unconventional materials to create unique and visually interesting poi. Recycled plastic bottles, filled with sand or water, can be used to create practice poi with a distinct feel. Similarly, old socks filled with rice or beans offer a low-cost and easily customizable option for beginners.
Beyond these simple substitutions, more creative options include using repurposed toys or decorative objects as poi heads, provided they are securely attached and safe for spinning. Some spinners also experiment with natural materials like dried gourds or woven plant fibers to create poi with a rustic or organic aesthetic. The possibilities are endless, limited only by imagination and safety considerations.
How does the weight of the poi material affect the spinning experience?
The weight of the poi material significantly impacts the spinning experience, influencing the speed, control, and overall feel of the poi. Lighter poi, such as those made from silk or lightweight fabric, are easier to spin quickly and execute intricate moves, making them ideal for fast-paced performances and learning complex patterns. They require less effort to maintain momentum and are generally more forgiving for beginners.
On the other hand, heavier poi, like those made from chain or dense materials, offer greater stability and control, allowing for more deliberate and precise movements. They are often preferred for performing slow, graceful routines and for practicing isolations and stalls. The increased weight provides a more tangible sense of momentum and requires more strength and control to manage effectively.