Chewing is an essential behavior for dogs, serving various purposes from dental health to mental stimulation. Choosing the right chew toys and treats is crucial for your dog’s well-being and safety. This guide explores the world of dog chews, offering insights into safe options, potential dangers, and how to select the perfect chew for your furry friend.
Why Do Dogs Need to Chew?
Chewing is more than just a pastime for dogs; it’s a fundamental need rooted in their instincts and physiology. Understanding why dogs chew is the first step in providing them with appropriate and safe chewing outlets.
Instinctual Behavior
Chewing is deeply ingrained in a dog’s DNA. Wild canids, the ancestors of domestic dogs, used chewing to break down bones and access nutrients. Even though our domesticated dogs receive readily available food, the instinct to chew remains. This instinct can manifest as destructive chewing if not properly channeled. Providing appropriate chew toys allows dogs to satisfy this natural urge in a safe and acceptable manner.
Dental Health Benefits
Chewing plays a significant role in maintaining a dog’s dental hygiene. The abrasive action of chewing helps to scrape away plaque and tartar buildup on teeth. This can significantly reduce the risk of dental disease, a common ailment in dogs. Certain chew toys are specifically designed with textures and shapes to maximize their dental cleaning effectiveness. Regular chewing can help keep your dog’s teeth clean and their gums healthy, potentially saving you costly veterinary dental procedures in the long run.
Mental Stimulation and Stress Relief
Chewing can be a powerful stress reliever for dogs. The repetitive action of chewing releases endorphins in the brain, which have a calming and soothing effect. This is especially beneficial for anxious dogs or those who are prone to boredom. A good chew toy can keep a dog occupied and entertained, preventing destructive behaviors that often stem from boredom or anxiety. By providing a designated chew item, you are giving your dog a healthy and constructive way to manage their stress.
Puppy Teething
For puppies, chewing is particularly important during the teething phase. As their adult teeth erupt, puppies experience discomfort and pain. Chewing provides relief by massaging their gums and helping to dislodge loose baby teeth. Offering appropriate chew toys designed for puppies can make this transition more comfortable and prevent them from chewing on inappropriate items like furniture or shoes.
Safe and Recommended Chew Options
Selecting safe chew options is paramount to prevent injuries and health problems. It’s crucial to consider the material, size, and durability of the chew, as well as your dog’s chewing habits.
Natural Chews
Natural chews, derived from animal products, are often highly appealing to dogs due to their enticing flavors and textures. However, it’s crucial to select natural chews carefully and supervise your dog while they are chewing.
Rawhide Alternatives
Rawhide chews are a common option, but they also present potential dangers. As rawhide gets wet, it can become soft and gummy, posing a choking hazard. Many veterinarians recommend avoiding rawhide altogether. Safer alternatives include:
- Beef Cheek Rolls: These are a natural, digestible alternative to rawhide. They are made from the inner lining of the beef cheek and offer a satisfying chew.
- Bully Sticks: These are made from dried bull pizzle and are a popular choice among dog owners. They are relatively durable and provide a good source of protein. Always supervise your dog, as smaller pieces can still pose a choking risk.
Edible Dental Chews
Many edible dental chews are designed to promote oral health while providing a satisfying chewing experience. These chews often contain ingredients that help to reduce plaque and tartar buildup. Look for veterinary oral health council (VOHC) approved chews.
- Greenies: These dental chews are a popular and widely available option. They have a unique texture that helps to clean teeth as the dog chews.
- Whimzees: These chews are made with all-natural ingredients and come in various fun shapes. They are designed to promote dental health and provide a long-lasting chewing experience.
Durable Synthetic Chews
Synthetic chews are made from materials like nylon, rubber, and polyurethane. These chews are often very durable and can withstand aggressive chewing.
Nylon Bones
Nylon bones are a popular choice for power chewers. They are virtually indestructible and provide a long-lasting chewing experience. Be sure to choose a size appropriate for your dog to prevent them from swallowing large pieces.
- Nylabone: This is a well-known brand that offers a wide variety of nylon bones in different shapes and sizes. Look for options designed for aggressive chewers.
Rubber Toys
Rubber toys are another excellent option for dogs who love to chew. They are durable, bouncy, and can be stuffed with treats for added enrichment.
- KONG: The KONG is a classic rubber toy that can be filled with peanut butter, yogurt, or other treats. It provides hours of entertainment and chewing satisfaction.
- West Paw Toys: West Paw offers a range of durable rubber toys made from recycled materials. These toys are designed to withstand heavy chewing and are safe for your dog.
Other Safe Chews
Beyond natural and synthetic chews, several other options can provide a safe and satisfying chewing experience for your dog.
Frozen Carrots
Frozen carrots can be a healthy and refreshing chew option, especially during warm weather. The cold temperature can soothe teething puppies’ gums, and the crunchiness provides a satisfying chewing experience.
Rope Toys
Rope toys are made from twisted cotton or synthetic fibers. They are great for chewing and playing tug-of-war. However, it’s essential to supervise your dog while they are chewing on rope toys, as they can ingest small pieces of the fibers, which can lead to intestinal blockages.
Chew Options to Avoid
Certain chews pose significant risks to your dog’s health and safety and should be avoided. Being aware of these dangers can prevent serious problems.
Cooked Bones
Cooked bones, especially from poultry, are brittle and can splinter easily. These splinters can cause serious injuries to your dog’s mouth, throat, and digestive tract. Never give your dog cooked bones.
Small or Brittle Toys
Small toys or toys that easily break into small pieces pose a choking hazard. Avoid toys that are smaller than your dog’s mouth or that can be easily destroyed.
Items Containing Harmful Chemicals
Some toys and chews may contain harmful chemicals or toxins. Always choose products from reputable manufacturers and avoid toys with strong chemical smells.
Matching Chews to Your Dog’s Chewing Style
Every dog has a unique chewing style, and selecting the right chew toy depends on how your dog approaches chewing.
Gentle Chewers
Gentle chewers enjoy gnawing on toys but are not particularly destructive. Softer rubber toys, plush toys, and some edible chews may be suitable for these dogs.
Moderate Chewers
Moderate chewers enjoy chewing for extended periods and can be moderately destructive. Durable rubber toys, nylon bones, and natural chews like bully sticks are good options.
Power Chewers
Power chewers are highly destructive and can quickly destroy most toys. Extra-durable rubber toys, heavy-duty nylon bones, and some natural chews like water buffalo horns are the best choices for these dogs.
Tips for Safe Chewing
Even with the safest chew options, it’s important to follow some basic guidelines to ensure your dog’s safety.
Supervision is Key
Always supervise your dog while they are chewing on a new toy or treat. This allows you to monitor their chewing habits and intervene if necessary.
Choose the Right Size
Select chews that are appropriately sized for your dog. Chews that are too small can be a choking hazard, while chews that are too large may be difficult for your dog to manage.
Inspect Regularly
Regularly inspect your dog’s chew toys for damage. Discard any toys that are cracked, broken, or have loose pieces.
Rotation is Important
Rotate your dog’s chew toys regularly to keep them interested and prevent boredom. This also allows you to monitor the wear and tear on each toy.
Consult Your Veterinarian
If you have any concerns about your dog’s chewing habits or the safety of a particular chew toy, consult your veterinarian. They can provide personalized recommendations based on your dog’s individual needs.
Recognizing Signs of a Problem
Even with careful selection and supervision, problems can still arise. Knowing the signs of a potential issue can help you take prompt action.
Choking
If your dog is choking, they may be gagging, coughing, or struggling to breathe. If you suspect your dog is choking, try to dislodge the object. If you are unable to do so, seek immediate veterinary attention.
Vomiting or Diarrhea
Vomiting or diarrhea after chewing on a new toy or treat may indicate an allergic reaction or gastrointestinal upset. If your dog experiences these symptoms, stop giving them the chew and consult your veterinarian.
Intestinal Blockage
If your dog ingests a large piece of a chew toy, it can cause an intestinal blockage. Signs of an intestinal blockage include vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and lethargy. Seek immediate veterinary attention if you suspect an intestinal blockage.
Mouth Injuries
Check your dog’s mouth regularly for cuts, scrapes, or other injuries. Hard or sharp chews can sometimes cause damage to the gums and teeth.
Chewing and Training
Chewing can be a valuable tool in dog training. It can be used to redirect unwanted chewing behaviors, reward good behavior, and provide mental stimulation.
Redirecting Destructive Chewing
If your dog is chewing on inappropriate items, redirect their attention to an appropriate chew toy. When you catch them chewing on something they shouldn’t, calmly take the item away and replace it with a suitable chew.
Positive Reinforcement
Use chew toys as a reward for good behavior. When your dog follows a command or performs a trick, reward them with a short chewing session. This will help them associate good behavior with positive reinforcement.
Puzzle Toys
Puzzle toys combine chewing with mental stimulation. These toys require your dog to solve a puzzle to access a treat or chew. This can help to keep your dog entertained and prevent boredom.
Adapting Chews for Senior Dogs
As dogs age, their dental health and chewing abilities may decline. It’s important to adapt their chew options to accommodate their changing needs.
Softer Chews
Senior dogs may have sensitive teeth or gums. Opt for softer chews that are gentle on their mouths.
Easily Digestible Options
Choose chews that are easily digestible to avoid digestive upset. Natural chews like beef cheek rolls may be a good option.
Supervision is Crucial
Supervise senior dogs closely while they are chewing to ensure they are not having difficulty.
Choosing the right chew toys and treats for your dog is an ongoing process. By understanding your dog’s chewing needs and habits, and by selecting safe and appropriate options, you can help them enjoy the many benefits of chewing while minimizing the risks. Regular supervision, inspection, and consultation with your veterinarian are essential to ensure your dog’s safety and well-being.
What are the benefits of giving my dog something to chew on every day?
Giving your dog a chew toy daily provides significant benefits for their physical and mental well-being. Chewing helps maintain good dental hygiene by scraping away plaque and tartar buildup, potentially reducing the need for professional cleanings. It also massages their gums, promoting healthy circulation.
Beyond dental health, chewing is a natural behavior that can alleviate boredom, reduce anxiety, and prevent destructive chewing on inappropriate items like furniture. It releases endorphins in the brain, creating a calming and satisfying experience for your dog, contributing to their overall happiness and contentment.
What types of chew toys are generally considered safe for daily use?
For everyday chewing, prioritize durable and non-toxic options. Good choices include hard rubber toys made from natural rubber or thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), like those from brands such as Kong or West Paw. Rope toys made of tightly woven cotton or synthetic fibers can also be suitable, but ensure they are durable to prevent ingestion of loose strands.
Avoid toys with small, detachable parts that could be swallowed and cause choking or intestinal blockages. Always supervise your dog initially with a new chew toy to assess their chewing style and ensure they aren’t breaking off large pieces. Inspect toys regularly for damage and replace them when they become worn or pose a hazard.
Are rawhide chews safe for daily use?
While some owners use rawhide chews, their safety for daily use is debated. Rawhide is derived from the inner layer of cow or horsehide and can pose risks of choking, gastrointestinal obstruction, and contamination. Dogs can swallow large pieces that don’t digest easily, potentially leading to serious health issues.
Furthermore, the manufacturing process of rawhide chews can involve harsh chemicals. If you choose to offer rawhide, select reputable brands that use natural processes and avoid those with added artificial flavors, colors, or preservatives. Consider alternatives like digestible chews made from plant-based materials or dental chews specifically designed for safe chewing.
What about edible chews like bully sticks or dental chews?
Edible chews can be a beneficial addition to your dog’s routine, offering both chewing satisfaction and nutritional benefits. Bully sticks, made from dried bull pizzle, are a popular option, but they are high in calories and fat, so moderation is key. Dental chews, formulated to clean teeth as your dog chews, can be a good alternative or supplement.
When selecting edible chews, always read the ingredient list carefully and choose options with natural ingredients and no artificial additives. Consider your dog’s size, age, and any dietary restrictions when choosing an appropriate chew. Always supervise your dog while they are enjoying an edible chew and ensure they have access to fresh water.
How often should I replace my dog’s chew toys?
The lifespan of a chew toy depends on your dog’s chewing habits and the toy’s durability. Regularly inspect all chew toys for signs of wear and tear, such as cracks, splinters, or missing pieces. Replace any toys that are damaged or could pose a choking hazard.
For heavy chewers, it’s recommended to replace toys more frequently, perhaps every few weeks or months. For lighter chewers, toys may last longer. Ultimately, the decision to replace a toy should be based on its condition and the potential risks it poses to your dog.
How do I know if a chew toy is too hard for my dog’s teeth?
A chew toy that is too hard can cause dental damage, such as fractured teeth. A good rule of thumb is that if you can’t make a slight indentation in the toy with your fingernail, it is likely too hard for your dog. Avoid offering bones or antlers to strong chewers, as these are notorious for causing dental problems.
Observe your dog’s chewing behavior. If you notice any signs of discomfort, such as reluctance to chew, drooling, or pawing at their mouth, remove the toy immediately and consult with your veterinarian. Opt for toys with some give to them, allowing your dog to enjoy chewing without risking their dental health.
My dog destroys chew toys quickly. What are some longer-lasting options?
If your dog is a power chewer, invest in extremely durable chew toys specifically designed for aggressive chewers. Look for toys made from materials like reinforced nylon or extremely tough rubber compounds, often marketed as “indestructible” or “virtually indestructible.” Brands like Goughnuts and Benebone offer options known for their durability.
Consider interactive chew toys that dispense treats or kibble. These toys engage your dog mentally and physically, slowing down their chewing and extending the playtime. Puzzle toys and treat-dispensing balls can also be a great way to keep your dog entertained and prevent them from focusing solely on destroying the toy.